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Acta Medica Medianae
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CYTOKINES AND HEMOKINES IN THE ASTHMA
Miloš FILIPOVIĆ, Stojan RADIĆ and Boris ĐINĐIĆ
Institute for Pulmonay Diseases oft he Clinic Center und Institute for Pathologival Physiology of the Favulty of Medicine, Niš
The cytokines are reguialory proteins of low molecular weight whose role is in inter-cellular communication. They exhibit Ihe following characteristies: pleitro-pism, synergism, antagonism, redundancy, as well as autocrine, paracrine and endoerine action. The activity of one cylokine can start the release of another cytokine. Since the asthma is an immunological diseases the cytokines have a unique role in regulating the inflammatory process induced in the lungs. Various cytokines act in acomplex network and that is crucial for detennining the nalure and the chronic occurrence of an asthmatic inflammatory process. The Th2 lymphocytes do a synthesis of II -4,II-5,II-9, II-10,II-13 and GM-CSF involved in the process of joining the B-ceils immunoglobulin isotype with the IgE production, maintain the Th2 cell population with increased cylokines' production encoded by the so-called II-4 genetic group as well as attraction and proiongation of the cell mast, basophils and eosino-phils' survival. The hemokines are small proteins classified into four subclasses, namely CC, CXC, C and Cx3C on the basis of the first two cysteine position in their sequences. The members of the CC subclass lead to attraction and activation of basophils, eosinophils, monocytes and T-lymphocytcs as well as degranulation of basophils and cell mast independently of the IgE mechanism.
Key words: Cylokines, hemokines, asthma, Th2 lymphocytes, eosinophils |