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Acta Medica Medianae
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SELENIUM
EFFECT UPON THE RATS1 HEMATOPOIESIS IN THE
Živojin STANKOVIĆ, Dragan MIHAILOVIĆ, Pavle RANĐELOVIĆ and Jelena ŽIVANOV-ČURLIS
Institute for Biology and Human Genetics and Clinic for Pathology of the Clinic Center of the Faculty of Medicine, Niš
The antioxidants (selenium, vitamins C and E) stabilize the cell membrane and protect the cells from the action of free radicals. On the other hand, the antioxidants reduce the effects of chemical and physical agenls. Bcsidcs, selenium has an important role in Iransporling electrons in the mitochondria and it is necessary for the glutathione peroxidase function in the protection from apopthosis. Benzene is a universal solvent and has a wide application in chemical industry. Tis toxicity is manifested in the damages done to the central nervous system, liver, kidneys and hematopotesis system. In this experiment the Wistar rats were used that were classified in three experimental groups regarding the quantity of the received selenium. Each group comprised ten animals of both sexes and after lwo weeks' trealment by selenium of 4,8 and 16 mcg, the animals had received benzene by intraperiloneal administration in the dose of 1,2 ml/kg of the body weight. The counling of the shaped blood elements was done after the selenium pre-treatment and after the benzene intoxication. The obtained results point to increased number of ali the blood elements after the selenium pretreatment while after benzene administration there was a drastic drop of the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes along with moderate thrombocytopenia. After the sacrifice, the hematopoiesis organs were taken. The hislological findings of the bone marrow show the emergence of disturbances, especially of the red sort cells as well as an obvious fat degeneration 25 which is particularly conspicuous in the second and third groups of animals. There was also some damage done to the spieen, especially of its red pulp along with the prescnce of a greater number of fresh erythrocytes in the second and third groups. Only the changes were more drastic in the third group. The obtained results show that selenium in higher concentrations increases the number of erytrocytes and leukocytes which proves that it stimulates highly-proliferating cells of the bone marrow. However, after the intoxication by a sublethal benzene dose there was a drop of the cells of red and white color but these values are within the normal limits. This points to the fact that the emergence of death is not in any direct correlation with the disturbances in the hematopoiesis, but death was caused by the damage done to some other vital organs. Despite the fact that selenium prevents the cells' damage, in this case its protective effectmanifested it self only when it was given in small doses since there was no death in this group of animals.
Key words: Selenium, benzene, hematopoiesis |