Osteoporosis is a very frequent pathological state of the bone system
which appears as a result of numerous metabolic disturbances and in some
cases of the negative influence of the therapeutic factors. The research
was performed on Wisstar rats, female, 6-8 weeks old. The experimental
animal group was treated by cortico-preparations. After that period one
part of the experimental group was sacrificed and the rest was divided
into two groups: control (without corticosteroid treatment) and
experimental group treated by the recovery therapy (Calcimu gluconat,
Timus extract, and spontaneous recovery). After 15 weeks of experiment
the animals were sacrificed, bone tissue samples of the rats’ lower jaw
were taken, prepared and SEM analyzed. SEM showed that trabeculae became
thinner, the number of spongious bone traebeculae was reduced and marrow
spaces increased as the result of corticopreparation influence on the
alveolar bone of the rats’ lower jaw. After the cortico-therapy and
transition to therapy of spontaneous recovery, spongious bone of
mandible positively reacted, and rough surface of bone, trabeculae of
various dimensions, forms and localizations and one polymorphia were
noticed. These changes represented slow decrease of resorptive process
and increased recovery of bone tissue with process of osteogenesis
prevailing. As soon as recovery therapy started, spongiuos bone reacted
favorably as it was naticed by SEM. Trabeculae were polymorphic,
variable in size, shape and arrangement, normal in appearance and size,
marrow spaces were of usual size, and bone surface was unequal. Using
SEM analysis the recovery by thymus extract showed: enlarged surface
matrix, cell density and cell activity (osteoclastic activity).
According to the achieved results, it can be concluded that
corticopreparations after a long use can lead to decalcification and
reduction of bone tissue trabecular number, i.e. bone dilution and
resorption, while the recovey therapy showed partial success in the
examined period.
Key words: SEM, alveolar bone, osteoporosis, rat.
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