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Introduction. As an essential feature of the materials in dental
medicine, biocompatibility implies the ability of the material to
perform a certain function after its application in an organism, without
provoking a adverse response of the host tissue. Biocompatibility
examination tests are used to detect the ingredients of the material
which might possibly hurt or harm the mouth cavity tissue and the
organism in general. The aim of the work was to describe the methods
used for examination of biocompatibility of materials in dentistry.
Material and Methods. This article reviews the literature
published from 1990-2009., and indexed in the Medline Database (US
National Library of Medicine). Used key words were testing,
biocompatibility,
dental materials.
Results. In this period, 505 manuscripts about the
biocompatibility of different dental materials were published, 53
reviews. 194 of manuscripts were about in vitro biocompatibility tests,
and 101 referred to in vivo examinations.
Conclusion. The contemporary aspect of examining biocompatibility
of dental materials includes a three level research: in vitro tests in
laboratory conditions, in vivo tests on experimental animals and tests
of application. Clinical relevance of the results obtained under in
vitro conditions is disputable, but these results can significantly
reduce the number of experiments performed on animals. A proper
evaluation of some material can be made only after a long enough use in
clinical practice.
Key Words: test, biocompatibility, dental materials
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