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Background:
Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws (BAONJ) is a
complication of great medical importance. Some of the most discussed and
controversial aspects are the risk factors, some of which are related to
patients' smoking and alcohol consumption.
The Aim: To study cancer patients with BAONJ and determine their
participation in the mentioned above risky health-related habits.
Material and methods: A prospective epidemiological study of 112
patients diagnosed with bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the
jaw in 2016 and 2017 was conducted at the Clinic of Maxillofacial
surgery of University hospital "St. George", Plovdiv, Bulgaria, based on
anamnesis, clinical examination, and hospital documentation. SPSS
Statistics v.24 was used for statistical analysis, at a significance
level p<0.05.
Results: Over 2/3 of the patients were smokers (40.18%) or
ex-smokers (25.00%), which linked them with the risk factor of smoking.
At the time of the study, patients smoking between 1 and 9 and between
10 and 19 cigarettes a day had equal relative shares of 44.22%. More
than half of the patients smoked from the age of 20-39, which we explain
by the high average age. The majority of patients studied consumed
alcohol, most often once a week or on weekends (28.57%) or only on
occasions (26.79%), followed by 24.11% who used alcohol several times
per week. Nearly 2/3 drink drinks with both low and high alcohol
content.
Conclusion: The highest proportion of patients are smokers /
ex-smokers and consume alcoholic beverages occasionally, which links
them to these risk potential factors.
Key words: smoking, alcohol, cancer, bisphosphonates,
osteonecrosis
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Address of correspondence:
Meri A. Hristamyan, PhD
Medical University of Plovdiv, Faculty of Public Health,
Bulgaria Adress: 15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd., Plovdiv, Bulgaria
E-mail: mary_hr@abv.bg
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